Umbhobho we-HDPE ubhekisa kumbhobho we-polyethylene owenziwe ukusuka kwintlaka ye-polyethylene ephezulu - efumanekaPE80, PE100, okanye PE4710amabanga oxinzelelo{0}}inkonzo ekalisiweyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho we-PE owenziwa ngabenzi, umbhobho we-HDPE unika amandla aphezulu-ukuya{3}}umlinganiselo woxinaniso, uphuculo lwexesha elide{4}ukusebenza kwe-hydrostatic, kunye nokuxhathisa okungcono ekukhuleni okucothayo kokuqhekeka, kuyenza ibe lukhetho oluqhelekileyo lwamanzi, irhasi, kunye nokuhanjiswa kolwelo lwamashishini.
Umbhobho we-HDPE
Uyilo oluZinzileyo: Umbhobho we-PE udibana ne-ASTM D3035/F714/AWWA C906 yeenkqubo zamanzi, usebenzisa i-PE4710 ye-50+ iminyaka yobomi eLatin America.
Amabanga & Amanqaku: PE4710 kunye SDR11-17; ukumelana nokuqhekeka okuphezulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-UV.
Ubukhulu: OD 4-8 ngaphakathi, ukunyamezela ± 0.5% OD, +12% udonga; ubude besiko obukhoyo.
I-QA: I-Hydrostatic / NDT ihlolwe, i-MTC 3.1, iinketho ze-TPI zokuthotyelwa.
Ubonelelo: SDRs / isiko, izixhobo fusion
Amabanga & Amanqaku: PE4710 kunye SDR11-17; ukumelana nokuqhekeka okuphezulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-UV.
Ubukhulu: OD 4-8 ngaphakathi, ukunyamezela ± 0.5% OD, +12% udonga; ubude besiko obukhoyo.
I-QA: I-Hydrostatic / NDT ihlolwe, i-MTC 3.1, iinketho ze-TPI zokuthotyelwa.
Ubonelelo: SDRs / isiko, izixhobo fusion
Thumela u kuphanda
Intshayelelo yeMveliso
IntlanganisoI-ASTM D3035, I-ASTM F714, kwayeAWWA C906imigangatho, umbhobho we-Octal polyethylene ubamba iiklasi zoxinzelelo ukuya kuma-200 psi kunye -nokuqina kwexesha elide. I-Octal Pipe ibonelela ngesitokhwe{3}kumabanga aphezulu okusebenza, ilungisa imingeni yeziseko zophuhliso zengingqi efana nentshukumo yenyikima kunye nomhlaba ongqwabalala.
Ukuthotyelwa kunye neMigangatho
Xa ukhetha iHDUbungakanani bombhobho we-PE, iinjineli zihlala zitshixa izinto ezintathu kuqala:OD series (IPS/DIPS), SDR, kunye nokujoliswe kukoiklasi yoxinzelelo. Kwiiprojekthi ze-waterworks phantsi kwe-AWWA C906, i-SDR yinto esebenzayo "yokucofa amandla" (umzekelo,I-SDR11 iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiiklasi ezingama-200 zepsi), ngelixa unyamezelo kunye nolawulo eludongeni lumisela ukungaguquguquki kokudityaniswa kwentsimi kunye nokuthembeka{0}}kwexesha elide.
IHD yethuUmbhobho we-PEiyahambelanaI-ASTM D3035yeDR{0} PR ikaleimibhobho,I-ASTM F714kwiidayamitha ezinkulu, kunyeAWWA C906izicelo waterworks ukusuka 4 ukuya 65 in. Izinto ezifanaPE4710iqinisekisa amandla aphezulu e-hydrostatic, ehambelana ne-ISO 4427 yeeprojekthi eziselayo kunye nezogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka eLatin America.
Ubungakanani bombhobho we-HDPE (OD, SDR kunye neKlasi yoxinzelelo)
Ngezantsi kukho angokukhawuleza, okuqhelekileyo-ukusetyenziswa kobungakanani bomfanekiso we-IPSebonisaEyona ODkwayeubuncinci bodonga lobungqingqwangenxaDR11kwayeDR17, kunye nesiqheloPE4710 ukukala uxinzeleloisalathiso.
Landela i-IPS/DIPS ubungakanani obunokunyamezelwa kwe-OD ±0.5% kunye nodonga +12%/-0%. Amaxabiso e-SDR abeka imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo; I-SDR11 ye-200 psi eqhelekileyo. Ubude 12-15m; I-13.5m phakathi kwexabiso le-stock calcs.
Isitokhwe ngaphakathiPE4710kuzo zonke i-SDRs, ubunzima nge-0.95 g/cm³ yoxinzelelo, +1.8% ihlengahlengiswe-eyokugqibela ngesikali. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo xa uceliwe.
| Ubungakanani bobizo (ngaphakathi) | OD (kwi/mm) | SDR | Umn Wall (in/mm) | Ubude (m) | Amaqhekeza | Ubunzima (MT) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 4.50 / 114.3 | 17 | 0.265 / 6.73 | 13.5 | 120 | 5.2 |
| 4 | 4.50 / 114.3 | 11 | 0.409 / 10.39 | 13.5 | 100 | 7.6 |
| 4 | 4.50 / 114.3 | 9 | 0.500 / 12.70 | 13.5 | 80 | 9.1 |
| 6 | 6.625 / 168.3 | 17 | 0.390 / 9.91 | 13.5 | 90 | 11.3 |
| 6 | 6.625 / 168.3 | 11 | 0.602 / 15.29 | 13.5 | 70 | 16.5 |
| 6 | 6.625 / 168.3 | 9 | 0.736 / 18.69 | 13.5 | 60 | 19.8 |
| 8 | 8.625 / 219.1 | 17 | 0.507 / 12.88 | 13.5 | 60 | 18.4 |
| 8 | 8.625 / 219.1 | 11 | 0.784 / 19.91 | 13.5 | 50 | 26.9 |
| 8 | 8.625 / 219.1 | 9 | 0.958 / 24.33 | 13.5 | 40 | 32.1 |
Iidosi zokuhlola (MTC 3.1/3.2, iingxelo ze-NDT) ziyafumaneka xa ziceliwe.
| Ubungakanani be-IPS obuqhelekileyo | Eyona OD (kwi / mm) | DR11 Min Udonga (ngaphakathi / mm) | DR17 Min Udonga (ngaphakathi / mm) | Umgangatho woxinzelelo lwe-PE4710* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2" | 2.375 / 60.32 | 0.216 / 5.49 | 0.140 / 3.56 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 3" | 3.500 / 88.90 | 0.318 / 8.08 | 0.206 / 5.23 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 4" | 4.500 / 114.30 | 0.409 / 10.39 | 0.265 / 6.73 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 6" | 6.625 / 168.27 | 0.602 / 15.29 | 0.390 / 9.91 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 8" | 8.625 / 219.07 | 0.784 / 19.91 | 0.507 / 12.88 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 10" | 10.750 / 273.05 | 0.977 / 24.82 | 0.632 / 16.05 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
| 12" | 12.750 / 323.85 | 1.159 / 29.44 | 0.750 / 19.05 | DR11200 psi/ DR17125 psi(ISCO Industries) |
Ukuqulunqwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye neePropati zoomatshini
Umbhobho we-HDPEisebenzisa -uxinaniso lweresin ephezulu ngeI-ASTM D3350ukuhlelwa kweeseli, ezifana ne-445574C, ukuchasana neentanda kunye noxinzelelo lwendalo.
| Ipropati | Ixabiso le-PE4710 | Indlela yoVavanyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuninzi (g/cm³) | 0.941-0.955 | I-ASTM D1505 |
| Isalathiso sokunyibilika (g/10 imiz) | <0.15 | I-ASTM D1238 |
| I-Flexural Modulus (psi) | 110,000-160,000 | I-ASTM D790 |
| Amandla okuqina kwisivuno (psi) | >3,500 | I-ASTM D638 |
| Isiseko soYilo lweHydrostatic (psi kwi-73℃F) | 1,600 | I-ASTM D2837 |
| Ukuchasa ukuKhula okuCwangcisayo (iiyure) | >10,000 | I-ASTM F1473 |
Ezi mpawu zivumela ubomi benkonzo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50, kunye nezongezo zokhuseleko lwe-UV kusetyenziso olungaphezulu komhlaba.
Umbhobho we-FDPE vs PE Umbhobho: Ithetha ukuthini le Miqathango
Umbhobho we-PE vs umbhobho we-HDPEisoloko ingumbuzo wesigama.PEichaza usapho polyethylene, ngelixaHDPEludidi oluphezulu-loxinaniso ngaphakathi kwePE oluqhele ukukhankanywa kwimibhobho yoxinzelelo. Ngamanye amazwi, uninzi "lwemibhobho yoxinzelelo lwe-PE" olusetyenziswa kumanzi kunye nothungelwano oluluncedo ngokwenene lwenziwa ukusuka kumanqanaba e-resin ye-HDPE.
Ngokwembono yokuthengwa kwempahla, okubalulekileyo asiyoleyibhile kodwa yiibakala le-resin kunye nokuhlelwa komsebenzi. Umzekelo, iprojekthi inokufuna iklasi ethile yezinto ezifanaPE4710(iqhele ukusalathwa kuMntla Melika) kuba ibonisa-ixesha elide ukusebenza kwamandla e-hydrostatic kwaye ixhasa iiklasi zoxinzelelo eziphezulu kwi-SDR enikiweyo. Kungeso sizathu lento ithi kuphela "umbhobho we-HDPE" unokungaphelelanga{2}}abathengi badla ngokufuna ibakala leresin, i-SDR, kunye nomgangatho olawulayo wokuvavanya ukulingana.
Kweli phepha, imveliso luxinzelelo -ikaliwe HDPE/PE inkqubo ehambelana nemigangatho eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kwamanzi njengeI-ASTM D3035, I-ASTM F714, kwayeAWWA C906. Loo migangatho ichaza ukuba umbhobho ulinganiswe njani, uvavanywe, uphawulwe, kwaye ukhululwe-ukuze "i-PE vs HDPE" ibe sisigqibo esisebenzayo malungaukuthobela + ukukala koxinzelelo + uxwebhu olunokulandeleka, kunokuba igama lokuthengisa.
I-PE Pipe vs PPR: Indlela yokukhetha ngeNkonzo
KubaUmbhobho we-PE vs PPR, isigqibo siqhelekile malunga nobushushu benkonzo kunye nendlela yofakelo: umbhobho woxinzelelo lwe-PE uqhele ukukhethwa kwimiba yokusasaza engcwatyiweyo kunye nokubaleka okude kwangaphandle (ukudibanisa -okudityanisiweyo, ukunyakaza{1}}nokunyamezela), ngelixa iPPR isetyenziswa rhoqo ukwakha iinkqubo zamanzi ashushu/abandayo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujoyina kunye nemigangatho yesicelo (umzekelo, i-ISO 15874 ibhekiselele rhoqo kwiinkqubo zePPR). Tshatisa imathiriyeli kunye nomsebenzi kuqala, emva koko uqinisekise ukujoyina kunye nephakheji yesatifikethi phambi koku-odola.
Usetyenziselwa ntoni uMbhobho we-HDPE?
Imibhobho ye-HDPE isetyenziswa kakhulu kuthungelwano lwamanzi olucinezelekileyo ngenxa yokuba ihlala ithembekile kwiimeko zesayithi eziqhele ukudala ukuvuza: imisele emide, ukubopha rhoqo{0}}, kunye namacandelo abona intshukumo encinci ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala okanye ukulayishwa kwetrafikhi. KwiUmda wokuhlaziya umasipala waphesheya eDubai (UAE), umakhi wathatha indawo yokwaluphalaDN200-DN400usasazo olungundoqo ecaleni kwepaseji esecaleni kwendlela apho umsebenzi wawulinganiselwe khonaebusuku-shift iifestilengendlela engqongqo{0}}imihla ebekiweyo yokuphinda uvule. Uncedo olusebenzayo yayingeyiyo "iplastiki vs isinyithi" ngokwethiyori{2}}yayiyiloo ntoimpundu-amalungu adityanisiweyoukunciphisa iindawo zokuvuza koomatshini ngexesha lovavanyo olucandekileyo loxinzelelo, ngoko ke ugunyaziso lunokuqhubela phambili icandelo-nge{1}}icandelo ngaphandle kokuleqa indawo evuzayo encinci kwiindibano emva kokuzaliswa ngasemva. Ngolu hlobo lweprogram, i-Octal Pipe inikezela ngokuqhelekileyo umbhobho njengepakethe echaziweyo (ubukhulu + i-SDR + iklasi yoxinzelelo) ngokumakishwa kweqashiso ecacileyo, ngoko indawo ye-QA inokudibanisa irekhodi lovavanyo loxinzelelo kwinto efakiweyo.
Umbhobho we-HDPE ukhethwa kwakhona xa indlela yokufakela iqhuba isigqibo sezinto eziphathekayo. KwiIphakheji yokuwela i-HDD kufuphi neRotterdam (eNetherlands)kumgca omfutshane wokuhambisa amanzi phantsi komjelo, unokontraka ufuna ukutsalwa ngokuqhubekayo{0}}ngomtya onolawulo oluqikelelweyo lweOD ukuze umbhobho ukwazi ukudlula iirola kunye nezakhelo zesikhokelo kakuhle ngexesha lokutsala umva, ngaphandle kokurhwexa okanye ukunyanzelisa ukuphinda kusekwe kwindawo yokungena. Iqela livale umda ngaphambili njenge "ubungakanani + SDR + indlela yokujoyina," kuqhutywe udibaniso kusetyenziswa iiparamitha ezirekhodiweyo zokulandeleka, kunye nentsimi egxininisiweyo ye-QA ekuhlolweni kwee-bead kunye nokwamkelwa kwe-hydrotest{0}}kunokulawula amalungu anemisonto / ane-flanged ngaphakathi kwebhore ethintelweyo apho ukufikelela kunqongophele kwaye ukulungiswa kubiza.
Ukuphuculwa kokusasazwa kwerhasi ngoqhagamshelo lwenkonzo (igesi{0}}imiba yokuthotyelwa okusemgangathweni):
Irhasi yombhobho we-HDPEizicelo zilawulwa yimigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye nengqiqo yokwamkelwa kunemigca yamanzi okusela. Ukuhanjiswa kwerhasi yepetroli/ukusasazwa, iinkcukacha ngokuqhelekileyo zibhekisaI-ASTM D2513kunye/okanyeISO 4437 / EN 1555(kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zommandla kunye nabaqhubi). Ulawulo lokuthengwa kwempahla olungundoqo kukucaphula kunye nokuqinisekisa umbhobho ngokucacileyo njenge "nkonzo yerhasi" (umgangatho + wodidi + lokumakisha + umda wovavanyo), endaweni yokuthatha amanzi{4}isiqinisekiso somgangatho we-PE singaphinda sisetyenziswe.
I-HDD/iindlela zokunqumla apho kufuneka umtya wokutsala oqhubekayo:
Kwi-Octal Pipe HDD canal crossing, unokontraka wayefuna intambo ende eqhubekayo ene-OD ezinzileyo ukuze ikwazi ukudlula iirola kunye nezakhelo zesikhokelo kakuhle. Umyalelo wawutshixiwe "njengesayizi + SDR / iklasi yoxinzelelo + indlela yokujoyina," kunye nentsimi ye-QA igxile kwiiparamitha ezidityanisiweyo, ukuhlolwa kweentsimbi, kunye ne-hydrotest -kunokulawula amalunga omatshini amaninzi ngaphakathi kwebhore enyanzelweyo.
Yenza umntu abe ngama-134 amagama
Ukuthengwa, isitshixo kukuthenga umbhobho we-HDPE njengenkqubo: qinisekisa inkonzo (amanzi vs igesi), uze ucaciseUluhlu lwe-OD/ubungakanani, i-SDR/iklasi yoxinzelelo, ibakala lentlaka apho kufuneka khona, kunye nomgangatho wokudibanisa/indlela. Lowo ngumahluko phakathi kokukhutshwa kwesiza esigudileyo kunye nomsebenzi omisayo ngenxa yokuba umbhobho "PE" egameni kodwa awuhambelani neklasi yoxinzelelo, inkqubo yokujoyina, okanye amaxwebhu alindelwe ngumhloli.
Umgca weMveliso yePipe ye-HDPE kunye noQinisekiso loMgangatho
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemibhobho ye-HDPE
Ukuveliswa kombhobho we-HDPE kuqala ngokukhutshwa kwentlaka enyulu enyulu-enoxinano lwe-polyethylene resin, ebonisa ukuhanjiswa kobunzima bemolekyuli ye-bimodal kumabakala e-PE4710 ukuqinisa ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka. Ukulandela i-extrusion, imibhobho iphantsi kovavanyo oluqinileyo lwe-hydrostatic nge-AWWA C906 ngamaxesha e-1.5 iklasi yoxinzelelo, kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic ukuqinisekisa ukufana kodonga kunye nokufumanisa naziphi na iziphene. Ulawulo olubanzi lomgangatho lubandakanya ukuchongwa kwezinto ezilungileyo (i-PMI), ungqinisiso oluchanekileyo lwe-dimensional, kunye novavanyo olugqabhukileyo lokuqinisekisa imfezeko yesakhiwo. Izatifikethi zovavanyo lwe-Mill (MTC nge-EN 10204 3.1) zibonelela ngeerekhodi ezineenkcukacha zeebhetshi ze-resin, i-extrusion parameters, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo olungonakalisi - (NDT), ngelixa uhlolo lweqela lesithathu oluvela kwii-arhente ezifana ne-SGS okanye i-BV zifumaneka lula ukuze ziqinisekiswe.
Ulwamkelo lweNdawo ngaphambi kokuzaliswa ngasemva(Kutheni ukhetha iPipe yeOctal)
Uninzi lweeprojekthi zemibhobho ye-HDPE azilibazisi kuba "i-PE inzima"{0}}ziyalibaziseka kuba umphambili womsebenzi awunakuphinda uzalise ade umhloli avale uluhlu lokwamkelwa. Umbhobho we-Octal uphatha unikezelo lwe-PE njengekhulula-iphakheji esele ilungileYakhelwe malunga nendlela eneneni imisele ehamba ngayo: amaqashiso okuhanjiswa, umsebenzi wokudityaniswa, kunye namacandelo e-hydrotest kufuneka emgceni ukuze iqela lesiza libe nobungqina bokuthobela ngokukhawuleza, hayi emva kokuba umbhobho sele usemhlabeni.
- I-Fusion{0}}igxile kulwamkelo lwenkxaso:Ukusebenza kwe-PE kuhlala ngokudibeneyo. Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna ulawulo olungqongqo, i-Octal Pipe ilungelelanisa indawo yokubonelela kunye nokuphunyezwa kwendawo ngokuqinisekisaindlela yokujoyina (i-butt fusion / electrofusion), ukuhambelana ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nendlela yokwamkelwangaphambili, ukuze iilog ezidityanisiweyo zabasebenzi kunye nee-ID ezidityanisiweyo ziqwalaselwe ngokuchasene nesiseko esifanelekileyo ngaphandle "kwendlela engalunganga yofakelo" izinto ezothusayo.
- Ukucaca kweHydrotest phambi kokufakwa:Sityhala isiyalo esilula sokuthenga: chazaimida yovavanyo, ixesha lokubamba, kunye neendlela zokwamkelwakwangethuba (kwaye ngenqanawa ngamaqashiso axhasa eso sicwangciso). Oku kuthintela kade{1}}imeko yenqanaba apho kufuneka icandelo{2}} liphinde livavanywe kuba imathiriyeli kunye nesicwangciso sovavanyo khange sihambelane.
- Ukufana kodonga kunye nokuthembeka koxinzelelo:Ukusebenza koxinzelelo kuyilo{0} kusekwe, kodwa ukuthembeka ebaleni kuxhomekeke kulawulo oluzinzileyo eludongeni kunye ne-extrusion ecocekileyo. Kwimibhobho yamanzi kunye neentambo ze-HDD, sigxininisa ukuhambelana kodonga ukunciphisa iindawo ezibuthathaka eziba yimimangaliso ye-hydrotest.
- Umphezulu kunye nokhuseleko lokuphatha oluthintela umonakalo ofihliweyo:Imikrwelo kunye nemikrwelo enzulu inokuba ziindawo zokulahlwa ngaphambi kokuzaliswa ngasemva. Sisebenzisa ukupakisha okusebenzayo/ukhuseleko lokuphela kunye nesikhokelo sokuphatha ukuze umbhobho ufike kunye nezigaba ezinamabango omonakalo ambalwa kunye nokusikwa okumbalwa{1}}kwisiza.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ndikhetha njani ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bombhobho we-HDPE kunye ne-SDR?
A:Khetha ngeOD series (IPS/DIPS okanye metric) + SDRukuhlangabezana nomgangatho woxinzelelo olufunekayo;i-SDR esezantsi=udonga olutyebileyo=izinga loxinzelelo oluphezuluphantsi komgangatho olawulayo.
Umbuzo: Yintoni umbhobho we-HDPE osetyenziselwa iiprojekthi zangempela?
A:Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwaimibhobho yamanzi engcwatyiweyo, uqhagamshelo lwenkonzo, kunye nokutsalwa kweHDD{0}}ukutyhutyha imityaapho ukudibanisa ukudibanisa kunye nokuguquguquka kunceda ukunciphisa iindawo zokuvuza kunye nomngcipheko wofakelo.
Umbuzo: Umbhobho we-PE vs umbhobho we-HDPE - yintoni umahluko?
A:IHDPE yiuhlobo lwe-PE(ephezulu-ipolyethylene yoxinaniso). Uninzi loxinzelelo "iipayipi ze-PE" kuthungelwano lwamanzi / lwegesi yi-HDPE; ukhetho kufuneka lusekelweresin ibakala + SDR + umgangatho, hayi ileyibhile.
Umbuzo: Ngaba umbhobho we-HDPE ufanelekile kwinkonzo yegesi?
A:Ewe, kodwa kuphela xa iyalelwe kwaye iqinisekisiwe ukubaigesi -imigangatho yenkonzo(umz., ASTM D2513 / ISO 4437 / EN 1555 njengoko kufanelekile) ngokumakishwa okuchanekileyo kunye nomda wovavanyo -amanzi{6}}isiqinisekiso somgangatho asitshintshi.
Iziqinisekiso
Isatifikethi seCE
Isatifikethi se-ISO 9001
Isatifikethi se-API Q1
Isatifikethi se-ABS
Isatifikethi se-AP-5L
Isatifikethi se-API-5CT
Imveliso:Ipayipi yoxinzelelo lwe-PE (HDPE), ekhoyoamanzikwayeinkonzo yegesi(ngokomgangatho osebenzayo)
AmaBanga oMathiriyeli:PE80 / PE100;PE4710(apho kucacisiwe)
Uluhlu lobungakanani:IPS/DIPS okanye uthotho lwe-metric OD (iinqununu eziqhelekileyo ukusuka2"–24"; inkulu xa uyicela)
SDR / Uxinzelelo:EqhelekileyoSDR 11 / SDR 17 / SDR 21(iklasi yoxinzelelo ngokomgangatho, ubushushu, kunye noyilo loyilo)
Ubude:Ubude obuthe ngqo (uhlobo.6–12 m) kunyeiikhoyilikwiisayizi ezincinci (ngesicelo)
Ukujoyina:Ukudityaniswa kwe-Butt / Electrofusion (ehambelana nokufakwa kunye nenkonzo)
Imigangatho (Eqhelekileyo):Amanzi-AWWA C906, ASTM D3035 / F714; Irhasi-ASTM D2513, ISO 4437 / EN 1555 (esebenzayo)
Iifayile ezishisayo: Umbhobho we-hdHDPE, iChina hdHDPE Umbhobho abavelisi, ababoneleli, umzi-mveliso, umbhobho wepolyethylene, umbhobho we-ASTM D3035, AWWA C906 PE, umbhobho wamanzi waseLatin America
Ngaphambili
Umbhobho weCarbon SteelUnokuthanda
Thumela u kuphanda